X RAYS FINDINGS CHEST HEART BLOOD VESSELS LUNGS PLAB, IELTS, USMLE, GRE, AIPGMEE, AIIMS, AFMC, BHU, CMC, JIPMER, PGI, SGPGI, ...

X Ray Findings - Chest

Heart & Blood Vessels

Flask-shaped / Pear-shaped / Leathe- bottle / Money-bag shaped heart - Pericardial effusion
Boot-shaped heart / Coer-en-sabot - Fallot's tetralogy
Box shaped appearance - Tricuspid atresia
Jug Handle appearance - Primary pulmonary artery hypertension
"3" like appearance - Coarctation of Aorta
Egg on side appearance - Transposition of great vessels
Egg in cup appearance - Constrictive pericarditis
Snow-man heart - TAPVC (total anomalous pulmonary venous connection)
Figure of '8' - TAPVC (total anomalous pulmonary venous connection)
Cottage Leaf appearance - TAPVC
Pericardial calcification - Constrictive pericarditis
Calcification in heart wall - is seen in - Carcinoid syndrome
Calfication of ascending aorta - Atherosclerosis, Syphilis
Hilar dance on fluoroscopy - Atrial Septal Defect
Xray finding in Ebstein's anomaly - Pulmonary oligemia
Posterior displacement of trachea - seen in - aneurysm of aorta
Obliteration of left border of heart (PA view of chest) is - suggestive of - Lingular pathology (left lung)
Bat's wings appearance - Pulmonary oedema
Pruned tree appearance (of pulmonary circulation) - Pulmonary artery hypertension

Lungs

Ground glass appearance - Hyaline membrane disease
Solitary pulmonary mass lesion > 4cms - is most commonly due to - Bronchial adenoma
Honey Comb appearance -
- Sarcoidosis^Q
- Histiocytosis X^Q
- Interstitial lung disease^Q
- Tuberculosis^Q
- Collagen disorders^Q
- Pneumoconiosis^Q
- Drugs - bleomycin, busulphan, melphalan, cyclophosphamide
Meniscus sign / Crescent sign (mobile mass in pulmonary cavity) is most commonly seen in - Aspergilloma (fungal ball lesion)
Egg-Shell calcification - Silicosis^Q, Sarcoidosis^Q, Coal miner's pneumoconiosis^Q, Lymphoma following radiotherapy^Q
Pop-corn calcification / Craggy pop-corn calcification - Pulmonary Hamartoma
Pleural calcification - commonest cause is - Tuberculosis (Asbestosis)
Diaphragmatic Pleura calcification - is due to - Asbestosis
Calcification in a pulmonary metastasis - is most commomly due to - Osteosarcoma
Coin shadow in the lung (single), with calcification in the centre - Epidermoid carcinoma
For radiologically evident pleural effusion - the minimal amount of pleural fluid that should be present is - 250 ml
Plethoric lung fields - seen in - L-R shunts ( VSD, PDA, ASD)
Oligemic lung fields - Pulmonary atreisa, Stenosis; Ebstein's anomaly
Perihilar fluffy opacities - seen in - Pulmonary venous hypertension

Ribs

Superior surface notch of ribs - seen in - Hyperparathyroidsm, Neurofibromatosis, Connective tissue disorders
Inferior surface notch of ribs - seen in - Coarctation of Aorta, SVC obstruction, Chest wall AV fistula, Aortic Thrombosis,
Unilateral notching of ribs - Coarctation of Left subclavian artery, Subclavian artery block, Blalock-Taussig Operation

Others