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| Angelina Total Posts: 130 | Posted: Mon Apr 23, 2007 05:45 am Meckels diverticulum- rule of 2 2 inches long, 2 feet from the ileocecal valve, 2% of the population commonlly presents in the first 2 years of life may contain 2 types of epithelial tissue -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pheochromocytoma-rule of 10s: 10% malignant 10% Bilateral 10% extraadrenal 10% calcified 10% children 10% familial * discussed 10 times more often than actually seen -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Aphasia "BROKen aphasia" (Broca抯 aphasia-broken speech) "Wordys aphasia" (Wernicke抯 aphasia- wordy, but making no sense) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- GET SMASH'D--Causes of Acute pancreatitis Gallstones, Ethanol, Trauma, Steroids, Mumps, Autoimmune(PAN), Scorpion bites, Hyperlipidemia, Drugs(azathioprine, diuretics) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Multiple endocrine neoplasia) Each of the MENs is a disease of three or two letters plus a feature. "MEN I" is a disease of the 3 Ps (pituitary, parathyroid and pancreas) plus adrenal cortex. "MEN II " is a disease of the two Cs (carcinoma of the thyroid and catacholamines [pheochromocytoma]) plus parathyroid for MEN IIa or mucocutaneous neuromas for MEN IIb (aka MEN III). -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Acute pneumonia caused by Pyogenic bacteria--PMN infiltrate Acute pneumonia caused by Miscellaneous microbes --Mononuclear infiltrate -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Takayasu's diz = pulseless diz, therefore when you have Takayasu's, I can't Tak'a yu pulse. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Argyll-Robertson Pupil--syphilitic pupil (AKA "Prostitute's pupil" - Accommodates, but doesn't react ) Accommodation reflex present, Pupillary reflex absent -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CAGE--alcohol use screening 1. Have you ever felt it necessary to CUT DOWN on your drinking? 2. Has anyone ever told you they were ANNOYED by your drinking? 3. Have you ever felt GUILTY about your drinking? 4. Have you ever felt the need to have a drink in the morning for an EYE OPENER? -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- P-Q-R-S-T--eliciting and HPI and exploring symptoms P--palliative or provocative factors for the pain Q--quality of pain(burning, stabbing, aching, etc.) R--region of body affected S--severity of pain(usually 1-10 scale) T--timing of pain(eg.-after meals, in the morning, etc.) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The five W's--post-operative fever Wind--pneumonia, atelectasis Water--urinary tract infection Wound--wound infections Wonderdrugs--especially anesthesia Walking--walking can help reduce deep vein thromboses and pulmonary embolus -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ACID or "Anna Cycled Immediately Downhill" classification of hypersensitivity reactions Type I - Anaphylaxis Type II - Cytotoxic-mediated Type III - Immune-complex Type IV - Delayed hypersensitivity -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- WBC Count: "Never Let Momma Eat Beans(60, 30, 6, 3, 1) Neutrophils 60% Lymphocytes 30% Monocytes 6% Eosinophils 3% Basophils 1% -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A-P-G-A-R: A - appearance (color) P - pulse (heart rate) G - grimmace (reflex, irritability) A - activity (muscle tone) R - respiratory effort -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Predisposing Conditions for Pulmonary Embolism: TOM SCHREPFER T--trauma O--obesity M--malignancy S--surgery C--cardiac disease H--hospitalization R--rest (bed-bound) E--estrogen, pregnancy, post-partum P--past hx F--fracture E--elderly R--road trip -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The 4 P's of arterial Occlusion: pain pallor pulselessness paresthesias -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The 4 T's of Anterior Mediastinal Mass:Thyroid tumor,Thymoma,Teratoma, Terrible Lymphoma Treatment of Malignant Hyperthermia Some Hot Dude Better Give Iced Fluids Fast!!! S: Stop all triggering agents, give 100% O2 H: Hyperventilate D: Dantrolene 2.5mg/kg B: Bicarbonate G: Glucose and Insulin I: IV Fluids, Cooling Blanket F: Fluid Output; Furosemide F: Tachycardia, be prepared to treat V Tach Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve: Think of exercising muscle for a rightward shift: Exercising muscle is Hot, Acidic (Lactic Acid), Hypercarbic, Benefits from oxygen unloading and has an increased 2,3 DPG. Also think Bohr effect with a rightward shift(_CO2 = _O2). Realize that the Haldane effect means (O2 =CO2 carried by Hgb). Back Pain: DISK MASS D == Degeneration: DJD, Osteoporosis, spondylosis I == Infection: UTI, PID, Potts, osteomyelitis, prostatitis, Injury/fractur e, compression fracture. S == Spondylitis, ankylosing Spondyloarthropathies (rheum. arthritis, Reiters, SLE) K == Kidney stones/infarction/infection (pyelo/abscess) M == Multiple myeloma Metastasis from breast, prostate, lung, thyroid, kidney CA A == Aneurysm Abdominal pain referred to the back (see acute abdominal pain) S == Slipped disk, spondylolisthesis S == Strain, scoliosis/lordosis Skin: herpes zoster. CAUSES OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS: "GET SMASH'D" Gallstones, Ethanol, Trauma, Steroids, Mumps, Autoimmune(PAN), Scorpion bites, Hyperlipidemia, Drugs(azathioprine, diuretics) A-P-G-A-R: A - appearance (color) P - pulse (heart rate) G - grimmace (reflex, irritability) A - activity (muscle tone) R - respiratory effort Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia: Each of the MENs is a disease of three or two letters plus a feature. MEN I is a disease of 3 P's (pituitary, parathyroid, and pancreas) plus adrenal cortex MEN II is a disease of 2 C's(carcinoma of thyroid and catacholamines [pheochromocytoma]) plus parathyroid for MEN IIa or mucocutaneous neuromas for MEN IIB(aka MEN III) Acute pneumonia caused by Pyogenic bacteria--PMN infiltrate Acute pneumonia caused by Miscellaneous microbes--Mononuclear infiltrate Takayasu's diz = pulseless diz, therefore when you have Takayasu's, I can't Tak'a yu pulse. CAGE--alcohol use screening Have you ever felt it necessary to CUT DOWN on your drinking? Has anyone ever told you they were ANNOYED by your drinking? Have you ever felt GUILTY about your drinking? Have you ever felt the need to have a drink in the morning for an EYE OPENER? P-Q-R-S-T--eliciting and HPI and exploring symptoms P--palliative or provocative factors for the pain Q--quality of pain(burning, stabbing, aching, etc.) R--region of body affected S--severity of pain(usually 1-10 scale) T--timing of pain(eg.-after meals, in the morning, etc.) A-S-C-L-A-S-T--eliciting and HPI and exploring symptoms A--aggravatiing and alleviating factors S--severity C--character, quality L--location A--associated sx S--setting T--timing note: ASCLAST means let the patient talk first, then ask him/her specific questions Argyll-Robertson Pupil--syphilitic pupil: Accommodation reflex present, Pupillary reflex absent due to damage at pretectal area. Also called the "prostitute's pupil" (accommodates but does not react). The five W's--post-operative fever Wind--pneumonia, atelectasis Wound--wound infections Water--urinary tract infection Walking--walking can help reduce deep vein thromboses and pulmonary embolus Wonderdrugs--especially anesthesia Predisposing Conditions for Pulmonary Embolism: TOM SCHREPFER T--trauma O--obesity M--malignancy S--surgery C--cardiac disease H--hospitalization R--rest (bed-bound) E--estrogen, pregnancy, post-partum P--past hx F--fracture E--elderly R--road trip ARTERIAL OCCLUSION: pain pallor pulselessness paresthesias HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS: "Anna Cycled Immediately Downhill--Gell & Goombs" or "ACID." Type I Anaphylaxis Type II Cytotoxic-mediated Type III Immune-complex Type IV Delayed hypersensitivity WBC Count: "Never Let Mom Eat Beans" and "60, 30, 6, 3, 1" Neutrophils 60% Lymphocytes 30% Monocytes 6% Eosinophils 3% Basophils 1: |