Netmedicos.com

Turning Dreams of Medicos Into Reality...!!!

Mcqs MBBS Exams India

Welcome, GuestLogin / Register

Home >> Classification of Joints

• Forum

Classification of Joints

Joints -

1. SYNARTHROSES (bone - solid connnective tissue - bone)
   1. Fibrous joints
      1. Sutures (Bone - Collagenous sutural ligament - Bone)
         e.g. Sutures of the skull
      2. Syndesmoses (Bone - Collagenous enterosseous ligament, membrane or cord - Bone) \
         e.g. Inferior tibiofibular joints
      3. Gomphoses - (Bone - Complex collagenous periodontium - Dental cement)
         e.g. Tooth in its socket
   2. Cartilaginous joints
      1. Synchondrosis / Primary cartilaginous joints - (Bone Hyaline cartilage - Bone)
         e.g
         1. Joints between epiphysis and diaphysis of a growing long bone
         2. First chondrosternal joint
         3. Costochondral joints
         4. Spheno-occipital joints
      2. Symphysis / Secondary cartilaginous joints - (Bone - Hyaline cartilage - Fibrocartilaginous disc - Hyaline cartilage - Bone)
         Typically occur in the MEDIAN PLANE of the body
         e.g.
         1. Symphysis pubis
         2. Manubriosternal joint
         3. Intervertebral joints between vertebral bodies
2. DIARTHROSES - (Synovial joints)
    

   Type of joint	Axis	Movements	Examples
   Plane / Gliding joint		Gliding	- Intercarpal joints  - Intertarsal joints  - Jts between articular processes of vertebrae
   Hinge joints	Uniaxial	Flexion, Extension	- Elbow joints  - Ankle joints  - Interphalangeal joints
   Pivot joints	Uniaxial	Rotation	- Median Atlantoaxial joint  - Superior & inferior radioulnar joints
   Condylar joints	Biaxial	Flexion, Extension, Limited rotation	- Knee joints  - Joints between condyles of mandible and temporal bone
   Ellipsoid joints	Biaxial	Flexion, Extension, Abduction, Adduction, Circumduction	- Wrist Joint  - Metacarpopharyngeal joint  - Atlantoaxial joints (lateral)
   Saddle joints	Multiaxial	Flexion, Extension, Abduction, Adduction, Conjunct Rotation	- Sternocalvicular joint  - First carpometacarpal joint  - Calcaneocuboid joint
   Ball & Socket Joints	Multiaxial	Flexion, Extension, Abduction, Adduction, Circumduction, Rotation	- Shoulder joint  - Hip Joint  - Talocalcaneo-navicular joint

Characteristic features of Synovial joints -

• The articular surfaces are covered by hyaline articular cartilage. Articular cartilage is -
  • Avascular^Q
  • Non-Nervous^Q
  • Elastic & Lubricated with synovial fluid
• The joint is surrounded by an articular capsule, which has a rich nerve supply hence sensitive to stretches imposed by movements.